During Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution, having more babies--little Communist Party members--was strongly encouraged. Families would have an average of five children. This resulted in a population explosion and China's became the biggest in the world. By the 1970s the Chinese government was having a hard time supporting its gigantic population so it started restricting couples to having only one child. Its unofficial name: the one-child-policy, OCP. It worked. China's population growth slowed, but the policy had unanticipated consequences.
